Table 5 Associations of SNPs of PPARGC1A, ABCG2 and IGF1 genes with milk medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in Chinese Holstein cattle (LSM ± SE)

Gene

Locus

Genotypes

C10:0

C12:0

C14:0

C14:1

PPARGC1A

rs109579682

CC(27)

2.10 ± 0.06^ab

2.66 ± 0.07^a

9.50 ± 0.13^a

0.77 ± 0.03

TT(170)

1.94 ± 0.08^b

2.42 ± 0.11^b

9.19 ± 0.19^ab

0.79 ± 0.05

CT(147)

2.13 ± 0.06^a

2.62 ± 0.08^ab

9.30 ± 0.13^b

0.78 ± 0.03

P-value

0.0251

0.034

0.0188

0.8281

ABCG2

rs137757790

AA(115)

2.13 ± 0.06

2.67 ± 0.08

9.58 ± 0.13^A

0.78 ± 0.04

CC(85)

2.06 ± 0.06

2.58 ± 0.08

9.21 ± 0.14^B

0.76 ± 0.04

CA(145)

2.12 ± 0.06

2.64 ± 0.08

9.50 ± 0.13^A

0.78 ± 0.03

P-value

0.2206

0.3385

0.0026

0.7772

IGF1

rs109763947

CC(58)

2.06 ± 0.07^a

2.64 ± 0.09

9.47 ± 0.15

0.77 ± 0.04

TT(100)

2.19 ± 0.06^b

2.72 ± 0.08

9.57 ± 0.14

0.77 ± 0.04

CT(187)

2.10 ± 0.06^ab

2.60 ± 0.07

9.42 ± 0.13

0.78 ± 0.03

P-value

0.0342

0.0764

0.2805

0.9454

Gene

Locus

Genotypes

C16:0

C16:1

C18:0

C18:1n9c

C18:2n6c

CLA

PPARGC1A

rs109579682

CC(27)

32.44 ± 0.33

1.71 ± 0.05^a

12.61 ± 0.17

29.19 ± 0.22^A

4.07 ± 0.03

0.39 ± 0.01

TT(170)

32.40 ± 0.51

1.82 ± 0.07^ab

12.59 ± 0.27

30.08 ± 0.36^B

4.08 ± 0.04

0.37 ± 0.02

CT(147)

31.99 ± 0.34

1.79 ± 0.05^b

12.59 ± 0.17

29.74 ± 0.23^B

4.07 ± 0.03

0.38 ± 0.01

P-value

0.1541

0.0401

0.9845

0.0015

0.9515

0.6788

ABCG2

rs137757790

AA(115)

32.45 ± 0.35

1.72 ± 0.05

12.52 ± 0.18

29.12 ± 0.24^A

4.05 ± 0.03

0.37 ± 0.01

CC(85)

31.99 ± 0.37

1.71 ± 0.05

12.79 ± 0.19

29.91 ± 0.26^B

4.08 ± 0.03

0.38 ± 0.01

CA(145)

32.33 ± 0.33

1.76 ± 0.05

12.48 ± 0.17

29.50 ± 0.22^AB

4.07 ± 0.03

0.39 ± 0.01

P-value

0.3251

0.3431

0.1475

0.0048

0.6085

0.2071

IGF1

rs109763947

CC(58)

32.29 ± 0.39

1.81 ± 0.05

12.44 ± 0.20

29.42 ± 0.27^AB

4.08 ± 0.03^A

0.39 ± 0.01

TT(100)

32.52 ± 0.36

1.7 ± 0.05

12.62 ± 0.18

29.02 ± 0.25^B

3.99 ± 0.03^B

0.38 ± 0.01

CT(187)

32.19 ± 0.33

1.73 ± 0.05

12.57 ± 0.16

29.70 ± 0.22^A

4.10 ± 0.03^A

0.38 ± 0.01

P-value

0.4406

0.0797

0.6613

0.0024

<.0001

0.5835

Gene

Locus

Genotypes

C14INDEX

C16INDEX

C18INDEX

SFA

UFA

SFA/UFA

PPARGC1A

rs109579682

CC(27)

7.50 ± 0.26

5.03 ± 0.12^A

69.81 ± 0.51

61.62 ± 0.30^A

36.75 ± 0.28^A

1.70 ± 0.04

TT(170)

7.89 ± 0.40

5.33 ± 0.18^B

70.52 ± 0.82

60.75 ± 0.49^B

37.74 ± 0.45^B

1.64 ± 0.07

CT(147)

7.75 ± 0.27

5.33 ± 0.12^B

70.24 ± 0.53

60.92 ± 0.32^B

37.38 ± 0.29^B

1.66 ± 0.04

P-value

0.3099

0.0010

0.4283

0.0065

0.0038

0.2931

ABCG2

rs137757790

AA(115)

7.51 ± 0.28

5.05 ± 0.13

69.96 ± 0.55

61.64 ± 0.33^A

36.67 ± 0.30^a

1.71 ± 0.04

CC(85)

7.62 ± 0.29

5.10 ± 0.13

70.00 ± 0.59

60.81 ± 0.35^B

37.45 ± 0.32^b

1.65 ± 0.05

CA(145)

7.57 ± 0.26

5.19 ± 0.12

70.29 ± 0.52

61.33 ± 0.31^AB

37.11 ± 0.28^ab

1.68 ± 0.04

P-value

0.8925

0.3350

0.7065

0.0343

0.0266

0.4267

IGF1

rs109763947

CC(58)

7.50 ± 0.31

5.32 ± 0.14^a

70.26 ± 0.62

61.14 ± 0.37^A

37.10 ± 0.34^AB

1.67 ± 0.05

TT(100)

7.5 ± 0.28

4.98 ± 0.13^b

69.68 ± 0.56

61.88 ± 0.33^B

36.47 ± 0.30^B

1.73 ± 0.04

CT(187)

7.62 ± 0.26

5.13 ± 0.12^ab

70.31 ± 0.51

61.10 ± 0.30^A

37.31 ± 0.28^A

1.66 ± 0.04

P-value

0.8036

0.0239

0.3301

0.009

0.0023

0.1970