|
Trait
|
D
|
UM
|
EM
|
D + UM
|
D + EM
|
DiPR D + UM
|
DiPR D + EM
|
w DiPR D + UM
|
w DiPR D + EM
|
|---|
|
Heading date
|
0.528
|
0.568
|
0.550
|
0.594
|
0.570
|
0.574
|
0.589
|
0.464
|
0.251
|
|
Plant height
|
0.609
|
0.534
|
0.587
|
0.615
|
0.655
|
0.621
|
0.660
|
0.688
|
0.349
|
|
Yield
|
0.234
|
0.226
|
0.310
|
0.301
|
0.295
|
0.315
|
0.268
|
0.699
|
0.015
|
|
Thousand kernel weight
|
0.465
|
0.462
|
0.486
|
0.531
|
0.481
|
0.521
|
0.483
|
0.453
|
0.105
|
|
Protein
|
0.221
|
0.600
|
0.666
|
0.537
|
0.378
|
0.600
|
0.666
|
0.000
|
0.000
|
|
Gluten content
|
0.391
|
0.581
|
0.635
|
0.574
|
0.462
|
0.558
|
0.635
|
0.287
|
0.000
|
|
Water absorption
|
0.145
|
0.412
|
0.486
|
0.373
|
0.235
|
0.400
|
0.486
|
0.043
|
0.000
|
|
Starch content
|
0.181
|
0.580
|
0.631
|
0.549
|
0.385
|
0.578
|
0.620
|
0.007
|
0.024
|
|
Moisture content
|
0.095
|
0.304
|
0.283
|
0.312
|
0.161
|
0.323
|
0.195
|
0.353
|
0.129
|
|
Zeleny sedimentation1
|
0.446
|
0.590
|
0.591
|
0.615
|
0.515
|
0.619
|
0.604
|
0.400
|
0.111
|
|
Hardness Index
|
0.145
|
0.384
|
0.401
|
0.383
|
0.222
|
0.379
|
0.393
|
0.351
|
0.048
|
|
Test weight
|
0.648
|
0.662
|
0.684
|
0.689
|
0.689
|
0.678
|
0.662
|
0.456
|
0.296
|
|
Zeleny sedimentation2
|
0.570
|
failed
|
failed
|
0.492
|
0.566
|
0.570
|
0.566
|
1.000
|
0.996
|
|
Protein content1
|
0.462
|
0.505
|
0.538
|
0.542
|
0.520
|
0.522
|
0.610
|
0.399
|
0.100
|
|
Protein content2
|
0.323
|
0.603
|
0.584
|
0.568
|
0.456
|
0.593
|
0.581
|
0.101
|
0.051
|
|
kernel weight
|
0.528
|
0.391
|
0.460
|
0.555
|
0.545
|
0.542
|
0.563
|
0.557
|
0.250
|
|
kernel diameter
|
0.539
|
0.440
|
0.466
|
0.589
|
0.565
|
0.584
|
0.607
|
0.549
|
0.202
|
|
Hardness Index
|
0.229
|
0.540
|
0.666
|
0.418
|
0.263
|
0.538
|
0.688
|
0.020
|
0.050
|
|
Moisture content
|
0.207
|
0.362
|
0.350
|
0.304
|
0.227
|
0.362
|
0.350
|
0.000
|
0.000
|
|
Gluten content
|
0.163
|
0.547
|
0.586
|
0.448
|
0.307
|
0.547
|
0.586
|
0.000
|
0.000
|
|
Gluten Index
|
0.449
|
0.026
|
0.183
|
0.379
|
0.461
|
0.385
|
0.464
|
0.790
|
0.300
|
|
Falling Number
|
0.102
|
0.783
|
0.783
|
0.753
|
0.627
|
0.782
|
0.788
|
0.001
|
0.152
|
|
flour yield
|
−0.068
|
0.285
|
0.483
|
0.152
|
0.018
|
0.285
|
0.483
|
0.000
|
0.000
|
|
bran yield
|
0.541
|
0.360
|
0.315
|
0.525
|
0.549
|
0.544
|
0.537
|
0.464
|
0.251
|
|
Average
|
0.340
|
0.467
|
0.510
|
0.492
|
0.423
|
0.517
|
0.545
|
0.351
|
0.164
|
|
Maximum
|
0.648
|
0.783
|
0.783
|
0.753
|
0.689
|
0.782
|
0.788
|
1.000
|
0.996
|
|
Minimum
|
−0.068
|
0.026
|
0.183
|
0.152
|
0.018
|
0.285
|
0.195
|
0.000
|
0.000
|
- Each of 151 varieties was dropped in turn; a prediction equation computed with drop-one cross-validation from the remaining set of 150 was then used to predict the phenotype of the missing variety. The reported correlations are between 151 observed and predicted phenotypes. D: DArT markers.UM: unextracted metabolites. EM: extracted metabolites. DiPR: differentially penalized regression. w: weighting factor for DiPR. Bold: maximum cross-validation correlation. Italics: w = 0, 0.5 or 1, equivalent to standard ridge regression on metabolites, metabolites + markers, and markers, respectively.
