Figure 1

Reynolds’ distance-based clustering of cattle according to continental areas. A) Continental areas sampled. Light brown = Southwestern Asia, purple = Eastern Europe, yellow = Central Europe, dark blue = Northern Europe, dark red = Southern Europe, orange = Western Europe, light green = Western Africa, dark green = Southern Asia and South America. Arrows indicate cattle migration routes. B) Classical multi-dimensional scaling plot. Circles: taurine cattle; triangles: zebu cattle. Percentages inside brackets correspond to the variance explained by each respective eigenvector. C) Neighbor-Net clustering. Nodes represent continental areas and edges are proportional to genetic distances.