Table 2 Key components of the Wnt signaling pathway retrieved from the database. For each gene, we list the gene name, the gene group it belongs to, and its role in the pathway. In addition, for each resource – EchinoDB, EchinoidDB, and OphiuroidDB – we show the number of sequences retrieved using keyword and BLAST search. Column search type represents K for keyword search and B for BLAST search. Number 0 indicates that no sequence was found in the database for that gene

Regulator

Negative regulator. Part of the β-catenin destruction complex

APC

B

32

2

1

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Part of the β-catenin destruction complex

Axin

K

54

1

2

[73]

Regulator

Phosphorylates β-catenin and the cytoplasmic tail of LRP. Part of the β-catenin destruction complex

CK1

B

225

4

2

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Binds to LRP

Dickkopf

B

2

2

2

[73]

Regulator

Mediates the recruitment of Axin to the plasmalemma in the ON state of the pathway

Dishevelled

K

68

1

4

[73]

Receptor

Wnt receptors

Frizzled

B

500

8

7

[73, 84]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Transcriptional co-repressor. Binds to TCF in the OFF state of the pathway

Groucho

K

330

6

3

[73]

Regulator

Phosphorylates β-catenin and the cytoplasmic tail of LRP. Part of the β-catenin destruction complex

GSK3

K

56

1

0

[73]

Receptor

Dickkopf receptor. Mediates repression of the Wnt pathway

Kremen

B

413

45

49

[73, 85]

Regulator

Pathway enhancer. Receptor for R-spondin

Lgr5

B

500

1

4

[73]

Receptor

Wnt co-receptor

LRP

B

165

11

9

[73]

Ligand

Alternative ligand for the Wnt receptors

Norrin

B

3

0

0

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Inactivates Wnt in the extracellular space through enzymatic action

Notum (Wingful)

K

43

1

0

[73, 86]

Modifier

Palmitoyl transferase, attaches palmitoleic acid to Wnt

Porcupine

K

23

1

1

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Wnt target gene

Rnf43

B

189

7

9

[73]

Regulator

Pathway enhancer

R-spondin

K

12

1

1

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Binds to LRP

Sclerostin

K

17

1

1

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulators. Sequester Wnts in the extracellular space

sFRPs

B

153

4

4

[84]

Transcription Factor

Transcriptional factors regulated by the Wnt pathway. Repress the target genes in the OFF state. Acitvate transctiption of the same genes in the ON state

TCF/Lef

K

48

2

1

[73]

Receptor

Norrin-specific co-receptor

Tspan12

B

146

5

4

[73]

Ligand

Paracrine/juxtacrine signaling molecules

Wnt

K

10

10

7

[73, 84]

Auxiliary protein

Specific intracellular transporter of Wnts

Wntless/Evi (Wls)

K

44

2

1

[73]

Regulator

Negative regulator. Wnt target gene

Znrf3

B

234

1

1

[73]

Regulator

Main modulator of the pathway

β-catenin

K

255

3

1

[73]

Regulator

Ubiquitinates the phosphorylate β-catenin thus targeting it for proteosomal destruction

β-TrCP

B

33

5

2

[73]