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Table 1 Candidate SNP markers of male reproductive potential in the human Y-linked protein-coding genes and their comparison with the genome-wide patterns

From: Disruptive natural selection by male reproductive potential prevents underexpression of protein-coding genes on the human Y chromosome as a self-domestication syndrome

Data: GRCh38, dbSNP rel. 151 [8]

Result

H0: neutral natural selection

H0: ↑♂ and ↓♂ sameness

Human body systems

NGENE

NSNP

NRES

N>

N<

P(N<≡4 N> ≡ 4NRES/5)

N

N

P(N ≡ N ≡ NRES/2)

Whole-genome norm for SNPs within TF-sites [42]

104

105

1000

200

800

>  0.52

   

Clinical SNP markers for diseases in TBP-sites [31]

33

203

51

14

37

>  0.93

   

Candidate SNP markers mainly for female reproductive potential in TBP-sites [40]

22

129

24

19

5

<  0.000001

   

Y-linked genes@ in PAR1 (pseudo-autosomal region 1)

15

899

211

143

68

<  0.000001

101

110

>  0.2

Y-linked genes in PAR2 (pseudo-autosomal region 2)

3

135

25

20

5

<  0.000001

10

15

>  0.1

Male-specific Y-linked genes@ paralogous to the appropriate X-linked genes

8

56

13

8

5

<  0.01

4

9

>  0.1

Male-specific Y-linked unique genes@

6

41

12

6

6

<  0.025

4

8

>  0.1

Y-linked protein-coding genes@

32

1131

261

176

85

<  0.000001

119

142

>  0.06

Other Y-linked protein-coding genes in humans

31

75

 

TOTAL

63

1206

261

176

85

<  0.000001

119

142

>  0.06

  1. Notes: ♂, male reproductive potential: increased (↑) and reduced (↓); NGENE and NSNP, total numbers of the human genes and of their SNPs meeting the criteria of this study. NRES, the total number of the candidate SNP markers predicted in this work that can increase (N>) or decrease (N<) the affinity of TATA-binding protein (TBP) for these promoters and hence the expression of these genes. N and N, the total numbers of the candidate SNP markers that can increase or decrease male reproductive potential, respectively. P(H0), the estimate of probability for the acceptance of this H0 hypothesis, for a binomial distribution; TF-site, transcription factor–binding site; @genes whose expression can be significantly altered by SNPs of their TBP-sites