Fig. 1

Population structure analysis in 292 peanut accessions. a Determination of optimal K based on LnP(D) and ΔK values. b the population structure in the peanut panel at K = 2, 3, 4. c Phylogenetic tree of the peanut panel based on Nei’s (1972) genetic distance. The 292 peanut accessions were grouped into two clusters G1 (red lines) and G2 (blue lines). The red dots represented the landraces belonging to Subsp. hypogaea, the blue triangles denoted the landraces belonging to Subsp. fastigiata. d Three-dimensional scatter plots of the first three principal components. The red dots represented cluster G1 in the phylogenetic tree. The blue triangles represented cluster G2 in the phylogenetic tree