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Table 3 Expected responses (expressed in unit of the trait improved) to direct selection (diagonal, in grey) or to indirect selection on body weight and growth variation (BWi, BWf, TGCLOSS, TGCCOMP, BWG, TGCFI)1 and on feed intake and efficiency (FI, FCR, RFI)2 if one trait is used in the selective breeding program

From: Quantifying the genetic parameters of feed efficiency in juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Traits2

Selection objective

 

Growth traits and feed intake

Feed efficiency traits

BWi

BWf

TGCLOSS

TGCCOMP

BWG

TGCFI

FI

FCR

RFI

Selection criterion1

 BWi

7.21

9.81

4.22e-04

.

2.21

6.67e-3

1.99

0.02

0.02

 BWf

6.70

9.34

4.49e-05

.

2.27

8.93e-3

1.88

0.02

0.12

 TGCLOSS

0.34

0.06

4.19e-03

3.46e-03

0.27

5.44e-3

0.70

0.10

0.82

 TGCCOMP

.

.

6.12e-04

2.25e-02

1.04

8.41e-3

0.81

0.02

0.22

 BWG

3.89

5.83

8.10e-04

1.74e-02

1.63

9.49e-3

1.02

−0.01

−0.18

 TGCFI

0.92

1.81

3.28e-03

2.87e-02

0.75

7.79e-3

0.25

−0.02

−0.23

 FI

4.40

6.08

2.60e-03

1.72e-02

1.28

3.95e-3

2.05

0.13

1.00

 FCR

0.53

0.51

3.92e-03

4.87e-03

−0.12

−4.02e-3

1.19

0.15

1.34

 RFI

0.06

0.55

4.27e-03

6.39e-03

−0.31

−5.09e-3

1.4

0.18

1.71

  1. Bolds indicate high (> 75%) expected responses, respectively
  2. 1As an example, select for FCR would improve FCR by 0.15 g.g− 1 at each generation of selection, but would reduce BWG by 0.12 g, whereas select for BWG would increase BWG by 1.63 g but will not improve FCR, as the expected response to selection is − 0.01 g.g− 1
  3. 2BWi and BWf: BW in g at the beginning and at the end of the FI period, respectively; TGCLOSS Loss of weight during the fasting period estimated as thermal growth coefficient during the fasting period, TGCCOMP Gain of weight during the feeding period estimated as the thermal growth coefficient during the refeeding period, BWG Body weight gain in g during the FI period, TGCFI Thermal growth coefficient during the FI period, FI Feed intake in g, FCR Feed conversion ratio in g.g− 1, RFI Residual feed intake in g