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Fig. 1 | BMC Genetics

Fig. 1

From: Genetic correlation of the plasma lipidome with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and insulin resistance in Mexican American families

Fig. 1

Genetic correlation of each lipid species with T2D-related traits: risk of T2D, presence of prediabetes and homeostatic model of assessment – insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Risk of T2D and presence of prediabetes were modeled as discrete tests using the liability threshold approach while HOMA-IR was used as a continuous, inverse-normalized trait. Presence of prediabetes and HOMA-IR analyses were restricted to individuals who did not have T2D at baseline (n = 1026). Plots show bubble charts with the lipid species on the abscissa and the estimated genetic correlation coefficient (ρG) on the ordinate. The size of the bubble is proportional to –log10p, where P is the statistical significance to test the null hypothesis that ρG = 0. The number of lipid species that were significantly genetically correlated (after controlling for false discovery rate) are shown at the upper-right corner of each plot. The bubbles are color coded to indicate lipid classes shown at the bottom of the Figure. The lipid classes studied were: dihydroceramide (dhCer), ceramide (Cer), monohexosylceramide (MHC), dihexosylceramide (DHC), trihexosylceramide (THC), GM3 ganglioside (GM), sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine (PC), alkylphosphatidylcholine (PC(O)), alkenylphosphatidylcholine (PC(P)), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysoalkylphosphatidylcholine (LPC(O)), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), alkylphosphatidylethanolamine (PE(O)), alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine (PE(P)), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), cholesteryl ester (CE), cholesterol (COH), diacylglycerol (DAG) and triacylglycerol (TAG)

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