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Table 2 The powers of max_PC and max_Z2 for various tests based on simulations with global significance at p ≤ α (0.05) in a homogeneous population

From: Testing association and maternally mediated genetic effects with the principal component analysis in case-parents studies

Test

Association

Maternally mediated genetic effects

Association and maternally mediated genetic effects

N = 100

max_PC

max_Z2

max_PC

max_Z2

max_PC

max_Z2 a

max_Z2 b

 R1 = R2 = 2

0.616

0.607

0.588

0.586

0.815

0.800

0.584

 R1 = 1, R2 = 2

0.600

0.582

0.579

0.581

0.808

0.787

0.582

N = 200

       

 R1 = R2 = 2

0.819

0.820

0.725

0.711

0.917

0.902

0.713

 R1 = 1, R2 = 2

0.803

0.810

0.702

0.704

0.911

0.898

0.702

N = 400

       

 R1 = R2 = 2

0.908

0.900

0.819

0.821

0.952

0.937

0.822

 R1 = 1, R2 = 2

0.875

0.874

0.807

0.809

0.926

0.915

0.810

  1. aThe max_Z2 using 2C − F − M
  2. bThe max_Z2 using M − F