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Table 3 Genomic information for 29 functional genetic units (FGUs) (17 single loci and 12 association groups or AGs) for seedling cold tolerance (CT) detected by χ 2 tests (single loci) and multi-locus linkage disequilibrium analyses in 30 cold-tolerant introgression lines (ILs) selected from four BC 2 F 2 populations derived from crosses between the recurrent parent (C418) and four donors (ZH100, Bg300, Cis, and MNTH)

From: Genome-wide response to selection and genetic basis of cold tolerance in rice (Oryza sativaL.)

Population (code)

χ2test

Z-test4

QTL ref.

AG1

Bin

Marker

IF2

FG3

P-value

BC2F2individual

P-value

C418/ZH100 (A)

 

7.1

RM4584

0.917

1.000

3.4 × 10−14

   

AG A1

1.11

RM1196

0.583

0.833

2.2 × 10−4

  

[11, 13]

AG A1

1.15

RM1297

0.500

0.833

1.1 × 10−4

  

[7, 9, 16]

AG A1

4.12

RM2521

0.750

0.833

5.1 × 10−9

  

[7]

AG A1

9.6

RM1896

0.750

0.833

5.1 × 10−9

   

AG A2

6.3

RM5754

0.417

0.667

8.7 × 10−3

A-IL5

0.0228

[9]

AG A2

6.15

RM5463

0.500

0.667

4.5 × 10−3

A-IL5

0.0228

[9, 14, 16, 17]

 

7.9

RM6835

0.500

0.833

4.5 × 10−3

  

[11, 17]

 

7.12

RM5847

0.583

0.833

2.2 × 10−4

   

C418/Bg300 (B)

AG B1

2.6

RM324

0.500

1.000

7.6 × 10−10

   

AG B1

5.10

RM164

0.583

1.000

3.1 × 10−7

B-IL5

0.0416

[10]

AG B1

12.5

RM101

0.583

1.000

3.1 × 10−7

  

[1, 9]

AG B2

2.4

RM145

0.500

0.833

1.1 × 10−4

  

[7]

AG B2

2.11

RM262

0.500

0.833

1.1 × 10−4

  

[11, 13, 17]

AG B2

7.10

RM432

0.417

0.833

1.0 × 10−6

  

[11, 17]

AG B2

8.2

RM38

0.417

0.833

1.0 × 10−6

  

[13]

AG B3

3.5

RM7

0.500

0.833

1.1 × 10−4

B-IL1

0.0368

[7]

AG B3

6.3

RM253

0.583

0.833

2.2 × 10−4

  

[9]

AG B3

9.9

RM257

0.500

0.833

1.1 × 10−4

  

[10, 16]

AG B4

1.5

RM579

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

B-IL4

0.0289

[13, 14, 17]

AG B4

3.12

RM6832

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

B-IL5

0.0416

[12]

AG B4

5.15

RM334

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

   

AG B4

6.12

RM275

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

B-IL5

0.0072

[9, 14, 16, 17]

AG B4

10.3

RM216

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

B-IL4/B-IL5

0.0289/0.0072

[9]

AG B4

10.9

RM1375

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

B-IL4

0.0480

[10, 16]

AG B4

11.14

RM224

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

B-IL4/B-IL5

0.0082/0.0416

 
 

8.14

RM447

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

  

[9, 11, 16]

 

12.2

RM247

0.333

0.667

3.1 × 10−4

   

C418/Cis (C)

 

7.2

RM5711

0.538

1.000

2.1 × 10−17

   

AG C1

6.15

RM3307

0.577

0.846

8.3 × 10−9

  

[9, 14, 16, 17]

AG C1

10.9

RM1873

0.577

0.846

8.3 × 10−9

  

[10, 16]

 

12.1

RM6973

0.385

0.692

4.7 × 10−7

   
 

2.18

RM3850

0.308

0.615

5.7 × 10−7

   
 

6.3

RM5754

0.539

0.923

2.3 × 10−12

C-IL2

0.0041

[9]

AG C2

3.8

RM6959

0.423

0.769

3.5 × 10−9

   

AG C2

3.16

RM3199

0.423

0.769

3.5 × 10−9

C-IL1

0.0228

 

AG C2

9.1

RM3609

0.538

0.769

3.6 × 10−7

C-IL2

0.0055

 
 

4.17

RM6238

0.462

0.692

1.0 × 10−7

  

[9]

 

4.12

RM2521

0.308

0.538

1.0 × 10−3

  

[7]

 

11.10

RM5349

0.308

0.615

5.7 × 10−7

  

[12, 17]

 

3.2

RM3126

0.654

0.923

3.7 × 10−11

   
 

3.18

RM3329

0.346

0.538

3.1 × 10−5

C-IL3

0.0283

[9]

AG C3

7.8

RM5875

0.500

0.769

4.8 × 10−7

  

[11, 17]

AG C3

8.2

RM1148

0.462

0.769

1.0 × 10−7

  

[13]

AG C4

2.12

RM3688

0.346

0.615

3.1 × 10−5

C-IL2

0.0055

[11, 13, 17]

AG C4

11.4

RM3133

0.308

0.615

5.7 × 10−7

   
 

5.1

RM1200

0.308

0.615

5.7 × 10−7

  

[17]

 

2.4

RM5459

0.462

0.615

7.8 × 10−5

  

[7]

C418/MNTH (D)

AG D1

4.3

RM3658

0.700

1.000

1.5 × 10−5

  

[9, 18]

AG D1

9.9

RM6235

0.500

1.000

2.5 × 10−8

  

[10, 16]

AG D2

6.12

RM6298

0.400

0.800

3.0 × 10−5

  

[9, 14, 16, 17]

AG D2

7.5

RM5436

0.400

0.800

3.0 × 10−5

  

[17]

AG D2

9.3

RM5899

0.600

0.800

7.3 × 10−4

   

AG D2

10.10

RM1146

0.600

0.800

7.3 × 10−4

  

[10, 16]

AG D2

11.2

RM1812

0.400

0.800

3.0 × 10−5

   

AG D2

11.9

RM1355

0.400

0.800

3.0 × 10−5

  

[12, 17]

 

5.12

RM5970

0.400

0.800

3.0 × 10−5

D-IL5

0.0416

[10]

  1. 1An AG is defined as a group of unlinked but perfectly associated loci showing equal introgression in selected cold-tolerant ILs from each BC population as detected by linkage disequilibrium analysis [28].
  2. 2IF = introgression (donor) allelic frequency.
  3. 3FG is the frequency of functional genotypes (donor homozygote and the heterozygote).
  4. 4Two-sample Z tests to compare the proportions of two groups of BC2F6 ILs derived from the same BC2F2 individual but with significantly different CT phenotypes (SP) was performed using SAS [27].