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Table 1 General characteristics of the overall population and by diabetic status

From: Proliferator-activated receptor gamma Pro12Ala interacts with the insulin receptor substrate 1 Gly972Arg and increase the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes in the mixed ancestry population from South Africa

Variable

Non-diabetic

Diabetic

P-value

Overall

Number

575

212

 

787

Gender, male n (%)

131 (22.8)

45 (21.2)

0.642

176

Mean age, year (SD)

51.3 (15.5)

59.3 (13.4)

<0.0001

53.5 (15.4)

Mean systolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD)

123 (19)

131 (23)

<0.0001

124 (21)

Mean diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD)

75 (12)

78 (15)

0.035

76 (13)

Hypertension, n (%)

306 (53.2)

138 (65.1)

0.003

444

Mean body mass index, kg/m2 (SD)

29.1 (7.1)

31.7 (7.2)

<0.0001

29.8 (7.2)

Mean waist circumference, cm (SD)

95 (15)

102 (14)

<0.0001

97 (16)

Mean hip circumference, cm (SD)

109 (14)

111 (15)

0.028

109 (14)

Mean waist/hip ratio, (SD)

0.87 (0.10)

0.92 (0.09)

<0.0001

0.88 (0.10)

Mean HbA1c, % (SD)

5.7 (0.4)

7.8 (2.1)

<0.0001

6.3 (1.5)

Mean HbA1c, mmol/mol (SD)

39 (4.4)

62 (23)

<0.0001

45 (16.4)

Mean fasting blood glucose, mmol/l (SD)

5.1 (0.7)

9.8 (4.4)

<0.0001

6.4 (3.1)

Mean 2 h glucose, mmol/l (SD)

6.4 (1.6)

13.4 (5.3)

<0.0001

7.3 (3.5)

Mean eGFR, ml/min (SD)

76.0 (21.1)

71.2 (25.2)

0.015

74.7 (22.4)

Mean triglycerides, mmol/l (SD)

1.4 (0.9)

1.7 (0.9)

<0.0001

1.5 (0.9)

Mean HDL cholesterol, mmol/l (SD)

1.3 (0.4)

1.2 (0.3)

0.0001

1.3 (0.4)

Mean LDL cholesterol, mmol/l (SD)

3.6 (1.0)

3.7 (1.1)

0.191

3.6 (1.0)

Mean total cholesterol, mmol/l (SD)

5.5 (1.2)

5.7 (1.3)

0.070

5.6 (1.2)

Median GGT (25th-75th percentiles)

26 [18–39]

31 [23–39]

<0.0001

27 [19–42]

Median CRP (25th-75th percentiles)

3.4 [0.8-8.4]

5.2 [1.9-10.8]

<0.0001

4.0 [1.1-9.4]

Median insulin mmol/l (25th-75th percentiles)

6.9 [3.3-12.5]

9.2 [3.7-16.6]

0.0009

7.5 [3.3-13.5]

Median 2 h insulin mmol/l (25th-75th percentiles)

35.3 [19.2-64.5]

58.9 [22.1-115.2]

0.0009

36.8 [19.5-72.7]

Median glucose/insulin (25th-75th percentiles)

0.72 [0.42-1.51]

0.88 [0.50-2.30]

0.016

0.75 [0.43-1.68]

Median HOMA-IR (25th-75th percentiles)

1.6 [0.7-2.9]

3.5 [1.5-6.7]

<0.0001

1.9 [0.8-3.7]

Median HOMA-B% (25th-75th percentiles)

90.0 [41.1-160.0]

40.7 [12.4-77.8]

<0.0001

71.2 [28.6-44.9]

Median QUICKI (25th-75th percentiles)

0.15 [0.14-0.18]

0.14 [0.13-0.15]

<0.0001

0.15 [0.14-0.17]

Median FIRI (25th-75th percentiles)

1.4 [0.6-2.6]

3.1 [1.3-6.0]

<0.0001

1.8 [0.7-3.3]

Median 1/HOMA-IR (25th-75th percentiles)

0.64 [0.34-1.49]

0.29 [0.15-0.66]

<0.0001

0.54 [0.27-1.26]

  1. CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FIRI, fasting insulin resistance index; GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, High Density Lipoproteins; HOMA-β%, functional β-cells; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, Low Density Lipoproteins; QUICKI, the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index; SD, standard deviation.
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BMC Genomic Data

ISSN: 2730-6844

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