Table 4 Characteristics of the inbred family structures (FS), average inbreeding coefficients (F_x) of sires of final offspring (SOF) and of the whole pedigree (F_x total)

FS1

S20 originated from an aunt-nephew-mating with F_x = 0.0625

0.007

< 0.01

FS3

S20 originated from mating half-sibs with F_x = 0.125

0.014

< 0.01

FS3a

based on the same structure as FS3, but it contained three inbred sires, F_x = 0.125 each, and offspring number of one sire (S20) in- creased to 138, while simultaneously reducing offspring number of GSS1 by 60

0.042

< 0.01

FS3b

based on the same structure as FS3, but the offspring number of S20 increased to 138, while simultaneously reducing final off- spring number of GGS1 by 60

0.014

< 0.01

FS4

extension of FS3 by one additional strongly inbred sire from a full- sib mating, where one sib was already inbred, F_x = 0.375

0.056

< 0.01

FS5

contained two sires originating from a mother-son mating with F_x = 0.375, and a sire from a half sib mating F_x = 0.125, pedigrees of GGS1 and GGS2 remained fully separated from each other (this missing link was a remarkable deviation from all other FS)

0.097

< 0.01

FS88

contains all sires inbred, F_x ranges from 0.063 to 0.375

0.150

0.01

FS99

an extremely inbred design already starting with inbred grand sires, F_x of sires ranges from 0.250 to 0.426

0.290

0.28